First Aid for Hypothermia

  • 3 min reading time

Hypothermia happens when the body becomes too cold. It can occur outdoors in winter, during hiking or camping trips, in cold water, in poorly heated homes, or after long exposure to wind and rain. Knowing simple first aid steps can help support someone while you decide whether further help is needed.

This guide explains early signs of hypothermia, first aid steps, prevention tips and what to keep in your first aid kit for cold-weather conditions.

For outdoor preparation, see our hikers & walkers first aid guide.

What Is Hypothermia?

Hypothermia happens when the body’s temperature drops too low due to cold conditions. It can develop slowly or quickly and affects people of all ages.

Early Signs of Hypothermia

Stage Common Signs Typical Causes
Mild Hypothermia Shivering, cold skin, tiredness, slow movements. Cold weather, wet clothing, long outdoor exposure.
Moderate Hypothermia Shivering may decrease, confusion, slurred speech. Wind chill, rain, being outdoors for long periods.
Severe Hypothermia Very slow responses, stiff muscles, extreme coldness. Cold-water exposure, prolonged low temperatures.

First Aid Steps for Hypothermia

If someone appears cold and is showing signs of hypothermia, you can:

  1. Move them to a warmer place. Indoors, inside a vehicle, or sheltered from wind and rain.
  2. Remove wet clothing if possible and replace with dry layers.
  3. Wrap them in warm layers - coats, blankets or a foil blanket.
  4. Use body warmth by staying close if suitable.
  5. Offer warm drinks if they are responsive.
  6. Keep them still and encourage gentle movement only.

For cold-weather vehicle preparation, see our winter car first aid guide.

First Aid Kit Items for Cold Weather

  • Foil (thermal) blankets
  • Extra gloves
  • Hand warmers (optional)
  • Cold-weather plasters (better adhesion)
  • Waterproof dressings
  • Poncho or emergency rain cover
  • Spare socks (useful outdoors)

To restock, browse our full range of first aid kits or see our first aid kit refills guide.

Where Hypothermia Commonly Occurs

  • Hiking, camping and long outdoor walks
  • Cold and windy conditions
  • Cold-water exposure
  • Outdoor workplaces
  • Winter travel
  • Poorly heated homes

For caravan and motorhome safety, see our caravan and motorhome first aid guide.

Preventing Hypothermia

  • Wear suitable layered clothing
  • Keep dry - moisture speeds up heat loss
  • Avoid staying still outdoors for long periods
  • Carry extra layers on hikes
  • Use windproof clothing in cold weather
  • Check weather forecasts before trips

Hypothermia — FAQ

Should I use direct heat?
Avoid direct heat. Warm the person gently with layers or blankets.
Can I give hot drinks?
Warm drinks are fine if the person is responsive.
Does shivering mean hypothermia?
Shivering can be an early sign of mild hypothermia.
Does hypothermia only happen outdoors?
It can also happen indoors, especially in cold or poorly heated homes.
Do wet clothes increase the risk?
Yes. Wet clothing makes heat loss faster.

 

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