A stroke is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate action. Rapid recognition and a quick response can significantly improve outcomes.
This guide explains how stroke is approached in UK first aid, how to recognise the warning signs, and what to do while waiting for emergency services. It applies to homes, workplaces, schools and public environments.
The information below is general first aid guidance and does not replace medical diagnosis or treatment.
A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is suddenly interrupted. This can be caused by a blockage or a bleed in the brain.
When brain cells are deprived of oxygen, they can become damaged very quickly. Early emergency treatment is critical.
In the UK, the FAST test is widely used to identify common stroke symptoms.
| Letter | What to check | Possible sign |
|---|---|---|
| F – Face | Ask the person to smile | One side of the face may droop |
| A – Arms | Ask them to raise both arms | One arm may drift downward |
| S – Speech | Ask them to speak clearly | Speech may be slurred or confused |
| T – Time | If you notice any of these signs | Call 999 immediately |
Even if symptoms seem mild or temporary, urgent action is essential.
Not all strokes present in the same way. Other symptoms may include:
Any sudden neurological change should be treated seriously.
Do not give food or drink. Do not delay calling emergency services.
If the person loses consciousness but is breathing normally:
If breathing stops, emergency services will provide instructions over the phone. Guidance on unconscious casualties is explained in First Aid for Seizures and other emergency response guides across this site.
Strokes can occur anywhere, including offices, shops, factories and public venues.
Organisations should consider:
Risk-based planning is explained in Workplace First Aid Risk Assessment (UK).
| Environment | Typical concern | First aid priority |
|---|---|---|
| Home | Delay in recognising symptoms | Immediate emergency call |
| Workplace | Public visibility and coordination | Clear procedure and emergency access |
| Public space | Unknown medical history | Rapid recognition and response |
| Events | Crowds and noise | Quick escalation to emergency services |
Where stroke incidents occur in workplaces or organised environments, they should be recorded in line with internal procedures.
Recording supports review and preparedness. Guidance is available in Accident Reporting & First Aid Records (UK).
Strokes can affect people of different ages and may not always involve pain.
Rapid treatment significantly improves the chance of recovery. Recognising FAST signs and calling 999 without delay can save brain function and, in some cases, lives.
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